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Canadian Cannabis: Canadian Cannabis: The Dark Grey Market

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Cannabis in Canada is still widely illegal. With a new government entering parliament in 2016, the odds of legalization, further criminalization, or decriminalization of marijuana coming to fruition are still to be determined. But despite that, black-market growers and grey-market marijuana dispensaries are more prevalent than ever. And the sometimes-dangerous, legally dubious process of manufacturing weed oils and other concentrates is rising in popularity, with growers investing tens of thousands of dollars to make sheets of potent pot wax.

With the legal fate of weed still in the balance, VICE host Damian Abraham went to BC, the Wild West of Canadian chronic, visited grows operating illegally or semi-legally, met concentrate manufacturers making large quantities of oil in spite of the law, and checked in on the exploding dispensary scene that the federal Conservative government is trying to shut down.


The VICE Guide to Right Now: Oklahoma Will Not Execute Another Prisoner This Year

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Oklahoma state capitol photo via Flickr user Steve

Read: Maybe It's Time To Stop Letting States Experiment with Secret Death Drugs

Oklahoma will hold off on executions at least until 2016 as the state attorney general's office investigates the use of incorrect lethal injection drugs, the Associated Press reports.

The inquiry was launched after the Oklahoma Department of Corrections received potassium acetate for the execution of Richard Gossip in September, instead of potassium chlorideone of the drugs approved to be part of a lethal, three-drug cocktail. Oklahoma's governor called off Gossip's execution right before it was to take place upon learning about the mix-up.

An autopsy showed Oklahoma made that same mistake during the execution of death-row inmate Charles Warner last January. According to the AP, vials containing potassium acetate were used to fill syringes labeled potassium chloridewhich is, well, pretty damn disturbing.

The state attorney general will not request another date of execution until at least 150 days after the investigation is resolved and the findings made public, according to court papers filed Friday. Until then, capital punishment is off the table.

In more vaguely encouraging death penalty news, Virginia has decided to relax the rules for death-row inmates when it comes to family visitations and socializing. They will now have access to a recreation room with TV and games to play with other inmates, and will be able to have physical contact with their loved ones.

Inmates were previously only able to visit with family through a sheet of glass.

Two Decades in Brooklyn by Hiroyuki Ito

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Japanese photographer Hiroyuki Ito has been wandering the streets of New York City with his Leica for over two decades, capturing everything from Koko the Killer Clown at Coney Island to anonymous morning commuters on the Q. He recently self-published a new photobook, Brooklyn, that serves almost as a love letter to the borough. I asked him to write few words about what the place means to him and why he continues to photograph it.

- Elizabeth Renstrom, VICE Photo Editor

Brooklyn, to me, is like an ex-wife with whom I am still friends.

I lived in Ditmas Park from 1999 until 2007, when I moved toAstoria shortly after being mugged at gunpoint in front of my apartmentbuilding. Those eight years were not exactly the happiest time of my life. I was alone and desperate, but the distance in time and place has allowed me togrow fond of the most populous borough in New York City. The photographs in the book were taken from 1992, when I first moved to New York from Tokyo, until now.

Brooklyn is massive and uncontrollableit just has too manypeople doing too many different things. Any attempt to completely document its multiplefaces seems impossible. No matter how fairly you try to represent it, it's never blackenough, Hasidic enough, Catholic enough, hipster enough, industrial enough, orwhatever enough.

Eachperson carries his or her own definitive image of Brooklyn carved out from their own experiences. I am not a one-man census bureau, so instead of visiting everyblock and meticulously interviewing all residents, I am out on the street trying to feel the visual pulse that makes Brooklyn one of the most unique places on thisplanet.

All photographs by Hiroyuki Ito

Williamsburg. 2006

















The Life and Death of the Flash Cartoon

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A couple months ago Homestar Runner, arguably the most famous cartoon video hub on the web, put up a short called Flash is Dead!!

"Haven't you heard! Flash is dying! You know, like what we breathe!" yells Strong Bad, one of Homestar Runner's best known characters, as bits from the Adobe interface start collapsing around him.

It's a funny gag, but it also speaks to an ongoing generational shift in digital arts entertainment. Flash used to be the marquee way to design websites, games, movies, and practically everything else on the web. It was originally called "FutureSplash" and created by a programmer named Jonathan Gay. In 1996 Macromedia (now Adobe) acquired FutureSplash and rebranded it as "Macromedia Flash 1.0." By the early 2000s, Flash was installed on practically every computer to load interactive web pages and power early audio and video players. It was a fundamental part of the early internet experience. Bejeweled and Candy Crush, two of the most popular mobile games ever developed, were originally Flash games. Some of the earliest memes on the internetLaid Off: A Day in the Life and The End of Ze World, Jib-Jabwere all programmed in Flash.

Before YouTube, before streaming, before your computer could handle dozens of embedded gifs, thousands of these amateur Flash movies and games were hosted in communities like Newgrounds. Newgrounds was one of the first and most visceral democratizers of online publishing. To this day, Newgrounds' slogan is "Everything by Everyone." The content on the site was entirely crowd-sourced. Kids would handcraft cartoons in their free time and throw them on the internet for everyone to see. If a cartoon or game was terrible (most were), it would be immediately relegated to the sites bowels, colloquially known as getting "blammed."

But some of it was good, even great. Take Lemon Demon's Ultimate Showdown of Ultimate Destiny. It has accumulated 12 million views over the last decade, and stands as a blueprint for dozens of nerdy music videos. EgoRaptor's Metal Gear Awesome 2 might be a little tonally off-key to 2015 ears, but the animation chops are still impressive. Here you were, on the internet, watching video game jokes designed by someone who could've been your friend. There was no middleman, no networks to appease, no markets to embrace. Newgrounds was a community where kids could relate with each other using their own humor, their own skills, their own passions, their own language. Suddenly these amateur Flash authors, some who wasn't even out of high school, had a following. They were inundated with fan art, forum wars, and cheap knockoffs. It was a very early version of internet fame, back when such a concept was novel.

These days Flash is mostly obsolete, with high-profile companies like Mozilla and Google planning to drop support for the plug-in entirely. This is probably a good thing. Flash slows down computers and has plenty of exploitable security shortcomings, plus there are simply better ways to build cartoons (and everything else) on the internet now. Newgrounds isn't nearly the creative juggernaut it once was, with more flexible avenues like Twitch and Youtube taking over as the go to spots to find DIY cartoon animation. We simply don't use the internet like we used to. A 30 second GIF is a lot more shareable than a five-minute animated movie.

However, it does make you sad watching Strong Bad running around his deteriorating animated homeland, desperately trying to learn HTML5 before his very existence is destroyed. My empathy for this cartoon reminds me that Flash's popularity marked a pivotal moment in internet history, a time when amateur creators were independently using the web and its tools to reach broad audiences in an age before social media. A decade ago, this form of entertainment felt huge, while today the work is digitally decaying into a mess of forgotten ones and zeros. According to Google Trends, Newgrounds search-based traffic peaked in 2005. Today, its search interest has dropped to less than a tenth of what it used to represent.

The rankings were the be all end all on Newgrounds back then. If something hit the top, it was a big deal. LegendaryFrog

Joseph Blanchette is LegendaryFrog, one of Newgrounds' first stars. He was barely out of high school when he started messing around with Flash, learning the basics from programming odd jobs around town. Eventually, he started pasting together his own cartoons. His first major work was the cheeky Lord of the Rings parody One Ring to Rule Them All back in 2002. The Fellowship of the Ring had just come out, so he animated a world where Sauron and his orcs argued over pizza orders.

"It was in my bedroom on a crappy computer with a crappy mic through most of it," he says. "I did a lot of the voices myself and you could hear the computer hum in the background. I was using a copy of Flash I got from work, so I actually spent very little on it all."

Blanchette never made cartoons full-time, Flash was always just a hobby, but before long he was one of the most prominent names on Newgrounds. He garnered a small legion of fans entranced by his humor, his art, and their mutual taste.

"It wasn't until my Final Fantasy Tribute reached number one on the Portal rankings that people started to take notice," says Blanchette, who still works with Flash as a programmer. "The rankings were the be all end all on Newgrounds back then. If something hit the top, it was a big deal."

In the years after his debut, LegendaryFrog became more of a brand. He developed two distinct characters, Ark and Kerrigan, and started animating their little adventures as part of an ongoing series. They were simple stories, clearly inspired by winsome Japanese anime, but it was a departure from the movie and video game parodies of his past. Suddenly people were coming to Blanchette for his own point of view. He didn't owe the success to anyone else.

"By the time the second was aware of all the successful creators, and I think he did a great job at giving front page features to everyone who deserved/needed it," says Vian. "When you submit games to Steam and the App Store, you're up against every other developer and publisher in the entire world. Standing out is incredibly difficult! You need press, YouTube presence, social media support, Steam/AppStore front page featuringall stuff that often boils down to luck."

"I feel like the work I've been doing with Toonwerks these past few years has been light years beyond what I did as LegendaryFrog, but it was done in a time where the Flash cartoon community isn't really a thing anymore. If I write a silly Zelda parody now, it probably wouldn't make much of a splash, but Newgrounds was a small pond," says Blanchette. "For example, a few years ago we made a Minecraft parody called The Journey of Greenfeet. If you combine all the Newgrounds and YouTube views, it got over a million hits. It's been our most popular movie by far. If it was magically released on Newgrounds in 2003 it probably would've become ingrained in people's early internet memories like some of my older cartoons. Now it's just another Minecraft spoof that people liked and moved on."

Every day famous Minecraft streamers like StampyLongnose upload another video that earns a healthy 500,000 views within a few hours. Compare that to Blanchette's months-long animating process, and it's easy to understand why he feels he can't keep up anymore.

To the creators who spilled blood, sweat, and countless cans of Red Bull on this work, it can be upsetting that their digital paintbrush of choice is being replaced with contemporary mediums like Unity and HTML5. But as dead as Flash can seem sometimes, it's absolutely still alive in the hands that made it famous.

Every year Matt Jolly hosts something called Madness day, where dozens of amateurs upload a cartoon inspired by his original line of Madness movies, ostensibly the same stuff they grew up on. They all get posted to Newgrounds, and Jolly picks his favorites.

"It's like a second Christmas," he says. "I order some take-out and camp out in front of the computer watching cartoons. It's good times. Never too thrilled about picking winners though. Who can play favorites when everyone is just showing up to appreciate and be enthusiastic?"

After years of absence, Joseph Blanchette has started updating the LegendaryLilypad again, the formal home for all the art, animations, and comics associated with his LegendaryFrog name. He's even working on a new feature for the fans who still remember him.

"I've been thinking of reviving Ark and Kerrigan with a new cartoon for years, but it never quite worked out," he says. "It felt like the right time to try again. Every so often I get a message on Twitter like, 'OMG LegendaryFrog is alive?' 'He's still making stuff?' It makes me feel good but also like an old man!"

Tom Vian is making video games with the same people he's been working with for nearly 15 years. He was a teenager then, a grown man now. This has been his entire life. With luck, it will never stop.

"I still use Flash for all my animation and graphics work," says Vian. "The skills I learned on Newgrounds about character design, audio design, animation, storytelling, even how to handle public expectation, all of that still applies to me today. I owe a lot to Tom Fulp and the entire community."

Flash might be dying, but the beauty of the internet is that something as mundane as an animation program can change lives. There are people who still play ancient, fuzzy Metallica tapes despite being technologically outdated years ago. But they do it because this is what they've always done. It's not a format anymore, it's become something spiritual. Flash has left an imprint on these lives, and that has made it immortal.

Follow Luke on Twitter.

VICE Shorts: This Short Film of All Your Favorite Shows Is Like Internet Crack

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The "supercut," defined by supercut.org as a "fast-paced montage of short video clips that obsessively isolates a single element from its source, usually a word, phrase, or cliche from film and TV," is basically internet crack. Ever since the term was coined back in 2008, we've seen all sorts of media get dissected and reformed into often hilarious, bizarre, and infinitely re-watchable pop-culture candy.

Due to the smorgasbord of media to cut from, I'm only going to focus on narrative movie and TV supercuts/mashups. Initially, the incredibly time-intensive cuts began with modest goals, generally editing together a single word or phrase from a single character/film, but then they graduated to clich expressions across hundreds of movies, like, "Where's The F#@%ing Money?!?!" and "(S)he's Right Behind Me, Isn't (S)he?", before tackling overdone tropes like photo enhancement, phone calls, table flips, cats, sword fights, and talking dirty in bed. Next came the cinematic tropes like slow motion, having your back to the camera, dutch angles, breaking the forth wall, and saying the movie title in the movie.

Then people thought, Well, cinema is art, right? So they analyzed their favorite director's work and pulled out color schemes, film shots, and even things as niche as supercuts of eyes and mouths. Some people took it a little overboard. That caused some actors like Nicolas Cage, Al Pacino, Robert De Niro, Gary Oldman, John Goodman, Samuel L. Jackson, Arnold Schwarzenegger, and Daniel Day-Lewis to get really mad about it. Soon you couldn't tell Kubrick from Hitchcock, everything had been so blended. Was the internet destroying the movies and TV we loved? Fortunately for us, every movie and TV character gathered together in a place called Hell's Club, where they sang a little song, did a little dance, and made a lot of love.

Then there was nothing. Silence.

It was over. All of your favorite films and shows had been documented, reassembled, and re-appropriated until no more could be done with them. But then, of course, a filmmaker had to go and make that into a movie, aptly titled All Your Favorite Shows! That person was Danny Madden, filmmaker/animator extraordinaire at Ornana Films. Premiering earlier this year at the SXSW Film Festival, the short takes supercuts to the next level by doing something they seldom do: Tell a story. And, in keeping in line with supercuts destroying our attention span, it is a story of a young media-obsessed boy who finds the lines between fiction and reality quickly blurring. Madden's film is intended to be a cautionary tale about media, but may in fact be one for supercuts/mash-ups, too. Maybe we all need to put down our phones, shut down our computers, and look away from our tablets. You can always watch something laterwell, except this. Watch this now and then read my interview with Danny beneath the film.

VICE: Where did this project/film idea come from?
Danny Madden: Little bit from my life, little bit from observing other people's lives.

Are you trying to make some big commentary on our modern, hyper-commercialized world about how basically everything we experience is just a facet of something before us and there's no originality in stories today?
Ha, "big commentary." I'd say I have a lot of questions about what all this media in our faces means. Does how we're ingesting it devalue the content? How our dwindling attention spans shaping how new art is made? What does it mean when we're more interested in what's on the device than what's actually in front of us?

Regardless, it must have taken forever to find and organize all of these clips. How did you go about it?
Not forever. We began the process in October 2014 and finished in February 2015. Myself and a few friends spent a lot of time together researching and animating and cutting and painting. If it wasn't fun, it would've taken a lot longer.

Are the film scenes selected actually all of your favorite shows?
Almost all of them are in there.

What are you working on now?
My first music video. Playing with creating from someone else's art and having fun with it.

Thanks, Danny. I'm going to close my eyes now.

Jeffrey Bowers is a tall mustached guy from Ohio who's seen too many weird movies. He currently lives in Brooklyn, working as the senior curator for Vimeo's On Demand platform. He has also programmed at Tribeca Film Festival, Rooftop Films, and the Hamptons International Film Festival. Follow him on Twitter.

Daily VICE Presents: Election Circus 2015

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Here at VICE Canada, we've been following the federal election very closelyeven going so far as getting chef Matty Matheson a seat on Stephen Harper's campaign planeand we've seen firsthand how much of a circus the whole thing has become. So we're taking that idea and running with it.

Welcome to Daily VICE x Fido Presents: Election Circus 2015.

Hosted by Fucked Up's Damian Abraham, tune in on Monday night to get your up to-the-minute election results, with special guests including Chris Hedges, Jazz Cartier, Kardinal Offishall, and former Toronto city councillor Doug Ford.


It'll be a mix of in-depth political analysis from our regular VICE personalities and updates on the topics we've been followingincluding missing and murdered Aboriginal women, the environment, weed legalization, and trans healthcare accesscombined with candidate Tinder matching, pumpkin smashing, an election confessional booth, and a dumpster fire fueled by alcohol. A lot of it.

So yeah, if you want to be informed, entertained, and sometimes confused about the future of our country, tune in.


Why Women Need Self-Defense Classes of Their Own

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A couple months ago, as I was biking home aroundmidnight from a friend's house, a man stepped outfrom between two cars about 50 feet ahead of me. Approaching with arms outstretched,he shouted sexually violent plans for our presumed night together. This isit, I thought to myself, you've been too lucky in life so far. I tried to recall anyself-defense lessons I learned in high school or tips from chain emailsforwarded by my mom during my freshman year of college. I swerved to avoid him, and pedaled away, adrenaline pumping. He chased me for two blocks, maybe more. I didn't look backto check.

The next day, I explained what happened to some coworkers. It felt pathetic because nothing really happened at all. But it was the first time in my life I felt my safety had truly been compromised, the first time I had been threatened with actual violence. It frightened menot that guys like that existed, I had known that for a long time, but that I had felt totally incapable of protecting myself.

One coworker had recently attended a Krav Maga trainingclass where she learned how to get out of a chokehold; she'd proven its effectiveness via multiple demonstrations in the staff breakroom.

"You need to come. It mademe feel so empowered, and that's exactly what you need right now," she told me while simulating gouging my eyes out in yet another Krav Maga demo. I signed up for a free three-day trial, starting with anintroductory co-ed class the following week.

Watch our doc 'China's Elite Female Bodyguards':

The session was led by a smiling middle-aged guy I'll call Sammy. He had an average build and a faux-nurturing attitude that came off like a man trying to imitate something he had seen on TV. He blasted 50 Cent's "In Da Club" as we practiced our fighting stance and threw warmup punches at invisible assailants. "Regulate that breathing! Exhale loudly! I wanna hear you scream!" Sammy yelled like a giddy high school choir director. "Aim for soft tissue! Shove his nose into his skull!"

Krav Maga isn't practiced exclusively by men, and I'm sure there are many fine classes out there for women, but in my group of 13 men and four women, it was hard to escape the impression that I didn't belong. When Sammy practiced with me and my female coworker, he'd be playfulsoft, even. When he showed the class how to get out of a chokehold with another man, however, they were equals. He didn't go easy on him. I was paired with women the majority of the time due to "our similar height and weight," according to Sammy. When I was eventually partnered with a 60-something man towards the end of the lesson, he repeatedly asked if he was exerting too much strength on me. I was learning, but it felt watered-down and unrealistic.

I left my first session feeling a sense of empowerment that was like a placebo effect: The most exciting thing about self-defense class was that I was taking a self-defense class. It was hard to even pretend this stuff was useful when it was clear I was being treated as inferior in this controlled environment. I'm sure Sammy knew a lot about the mechanics and physics of violent encounters, but I didn't know if he knew what it felt like to be confronted by someone bigger and stronger than him.

"There's a concept called benevolent sexism... It's not as blatant as, 'Women are inferior.' Instead, it's more like, 'Let me help you, little lady.'"
Martha McCaughey

Experts I've spoken with since then say I'm not the only woman who has had these thoughts during a male-dominated self-defense course. According to Leanne Brecklin, an associate professor of criminal justice at the University of Illinois, while self-defense training can help women who have been attacked, it's far more helpful for them to enroll in classes designed just for women.

Martha Thompson, the director of the women's self-defense organization IMPACT Chicago, told me that self-defense courses aren't just about learning how to break holds and incapacitate attackers, but about the theoretical underpinnings behind the class. "What is the instructor's understanding of violence in the world?" she asked rhetorically. "Is there a deep understanding of gender-based violence and how it intersects with other societal issues?

"Without this underlying understanding about the real violence that women experienceand that it's not just about the worst things that could happen, but a whole continuum of thingsthen the class won't provide what women need," Thompson added.

Read on Broadly: Getting Coffee with the Man Who Sexually Assaulted Me

The following class wasn't much betterthere were just three women, me included, and our warmup stretching sessions was dominated by a discussion of sports scores during which the women were ignored. It felt like gender gentrification as the guys physically and socially forced me to relocate from where I was sitting on the Krav mat. When Sammy put me in a group with two men, he bowed flamboyantly, and mockingly asked, "Would you kindly ask the young lady for this dance?" Maybe he was trying to be charming, but it came off as patronizingas did my partners' labored explanation of technique. The guys practiced five reps of straight punch blocks each, while limiting me to three. ("It's an endurance thing," one told me.) They barely punched the mat when I held it, but yelled at me that I needed to hit harder when it was my turn.

"There's a concept called benevolent sexism," explained Martha McCaughey, a professor of sociology at Appalachian State University and the author of Real Knockouts: The Physical Feminism of Women's Self-Defense. "It's not as blatant as, 'Women are inferior.' Instead, it's more like, 'Let me help you, little lady. Let me give you extra attention in this self-defense class.' It's protective and condescending where people keep positioning women as being unable to do anything. It's not obvious to a lot of guys and it's this thing that nobody seems to notice, but it's there. It's probably the most common form of sexism in 2015."

For my last free Krav Maga class, I went to a women-only course. There was only one other student in the class, an extremely curt woman named Susan. ("Lookslike you'll be working together," the instructor joked. "Do I have a choice?" Sue replied.) But at least Sue was serious, and put all of her strength into each move as we practiced hammer punchesand knee kicks to the groin. It felt more real, and I reciprocated in kind. The instructor taught us to howgouge our attacker's eyes out, and how to scratch and collect DNA samples toidentify them after escaping. While this class was definitely better,it was frustrating that there weren't more women there.

So I took the experts' advice and attended an introductory class with Impact Bay Area, a nonprofit that provides empowerment self-defense through a feminist lens. All classes are led by female-identified trauma-informed instructors and assisted by a guy in a padded suit who plays the assailant. "We use that model for a reason," Executive Director Lisa Schleff told me. "It's important to show that dynamic, that women can be in charge, too."

I showed up to class in the same spandex I'd worn to Krav, prepared for another up-close-and-personal workout. Instead, I joined Schleff on one of the many comfy couches that filled the community gathering space."It looks like you're it tonight," she remarked, "and I just want to acknowledge that it can be really intimidating to sign up for a self-defense class. Thanks for taking that big step; I'm glad you're here."

Most of our hour was spent in conversation. Schleff taught me how to identify potential threats, and stressed the importance of trusting my intuition. "The biggest tool you have is your voice," she emphasized. "The voice helps your body cope with the adrenaline you experience during a confrontation so that you don't freeze." We practiced yelling at maximum volume, and did a few groin kicks and heel punches to follow.

"You can deescalate most situations through verbal tools, but it's good to have the physical skills to back it up," she said while gripping the mat. "And remember: with justification, you can hit first. If someone punches you in the face, you probably won't do a great job defending yourself after that, right?"

I left the Impact class feeling supported and empowered, the exact outcome I'd hoped to experience when I signed up for self-defense courses. I didn't need to become an expert in unarmed combat; I wasn't in search of 20 ways to break an assailant's arm. I simply wanted to be preparedphysically, but also mentallyfor an encounter that could become violent. More than that, I understand now, I was in search of someone who would acknowledge my needs, to tell me that they understood what was in my head when that man jumped out at me. There will always be another man, but next time, I think, I will be ready.

Talking Sexploitation Cinema and Sleazy Vintage Posters with Nicolas Winding Refn

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Today, New York's Times Square is a family-friendly neon tourist trap of Broadway shows and overpriced chain restaurants. But to film aficionados, 42nd Street in the 70s and 80sbest known for its mess of junkies, prostitutes, strip joints, and general squalorwas a hotbed for exploitation cinema. In dark theaters full of deviants in stained raincoats, deliciously depraved movies rife with gratuitous sex, nudity, violence, and other lurid thrills reigned supreme.

If you've ever seen the vibrant, brutal films of Danishauteur Nicolas Winding Refn (Drive, Only God Forgives, Bronson), you'll recognize in his work a taste ofinspiration from those genre films of yesteryear. Though Refn was only eightwhen his family moved from Copenhagen to New York, the grindhouse posters thatlined Times Square theater exteriors left an indelible impression early onand led to the director buying an entire collectionof those posters. And like any diehard enthusiast, he wants toshare his sick movie love with the world.

In The Act of Seeing,a gorgeously designed coffee table book, Refn has curated hundreds of hisfinest posters, with illuminating context written by FrightFest programmer andesteemed horror devotee Alan Jones. Sexploitation, nunsploitation,Naziploitation, "mondo" docs, and other cult subgenres are represented in this shamelesslyentertaining eight-pound hardcover, most of the titles obscure by even thedorkiest film nerd's standards. "How do you think I felt when I bought thewhole goddamn collection?" Refn asked, with a laugh. "I'm veryignorant."

On Noisey: Filmmaker Nicolas Winding Refn Talks on the Role of Music in Cinema

I recently caught up with Refn in Austin during thebook's US launch at Fantastic Fest, an event that supplements its anarchic screenings with boxing, nerd-rap competitions, machineguns, and a 32-member satanic drum band. "It's ironic, mebeing in Austin," Refn said, "because I used money that I made onshooting Lincoln commercials with Matthew McConaughey driving around Austin andout in the desert to pay for the book." A hundred grand and 4,000 copieslater, The Act of Seeing is available this month from FAB Press in the United States.

VICE: You purchasedthese film posters from a single private collector. Had you beenamassing posters before you got your hands on these?
Nicolas Winding Refn:No, I have more what they call "collector mania." I've collected numerousthings in my life, but then I usually tire after a couple of years and don'tknow what to do with it. I've gone from vinyl to VHS, Japanese toys, andfilmmakers that I find interesting. I wanted to start the book with this one of the stripper, Girl Behind the Curtain, and I wanted tostop with a movie called Stop. Thatgave you a woman undressing in a private moment to be photographed, and that setsoff The Act of Seeing. You're seeingsomething. Then I wanted to put Conquestof Space right next to it because the juxtaposition of saying what you seehere is going to be different over here, you have no idea how this book isgoing to turn out. You have no idea what's going to happen on the next pagebecause I'm already going against what I present, the same way I do my films.

Then we have a run of colorful sexploitation films, a few classicslike Queen of Blood or She Monster, which are famous posters inour world, between us. But my mother had never seen them, so it reaches out toa larger audience that, aesthetically, is very strong. You start to get intoweirder ones like Obscene House and Sock It to Me Baby, and you start to seesome women obsessions, all in good taste and playful.

Watch: An Interview with Rashida Jones About Her Documentary, 'Hot Girls Wanted':

Have many of theseposters inspired you to track down the films themselves? Or is it simply enoughto collect the graphic representation since they're often terrificallydesigned?
The thing is, most of these posters promise things theywould never live up to. For me, there was also a personal full circle that Iwas way too young to experience Times Square and most of these films. Makingthis book is about what it must have been like going from cinema to cinema inTimes Square, just seeing all of these films advertised and the promises of badthings I wasn't supposed to go see. The only way for me to relive that, nothaving ever done it, is to put it together in a book like this.

Follow Aaron on Twitter.

The Act of Seeing by Nicolas Winding Refn is available in bookstores and online from FAB Press.


How Art by Inmates Could Help Change the Prison System

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This postcard is part of and ongoing project called 'Postcards from Prison,' a collaboration between artist Mark Strandquist and Prison Health News. Their goal is to get prisoners across the United States to use postcards to answer the following question, "If you could create a window in the prison walls, what would you want the world to see?"

Mark Strandquist is an artist, activist, and educator who has produced all sorts of projects that engage with and promote discussion about the criminal justice system. He contributed images from his series Postcards from Prison to the prison-themed October issue of VICE Magazine. I wanted to learn more about his work, so I called him up recently to chat about where his art intersects with activism, what people can do to change the prison system's abuses, and why he has hope for the future.

VICE: You've been doing activism-based art projects for a long time across several different mediumswhere did it all start? What motivated you to do this work?
Mark Strandquist: There's an amazing quote from Angela Davis that I include every time I present my work:

The prison... functions ideologically as an abstract site into which undesirables are deposited, relieving us of the responsibility of thinking about the real issues afflicting those communities from which prisoners are drawn in such disproportionate numbers... It relieves us of the responsibility of seriously engaging with the problems of our society.

To me, she provides such a powerful call to action. how collaborative projects with incarcerated men, women, and teens can bring their voices, struggles, and dreams into the public spaces that typically silence or exclude thembut, importantly, how those exhibits, performances, or publications can create stages for bringing hundreds, sometimes thousands of people together, to engage, question, and attempt to transform the very social structures that are leading to such high rates of incarceration.

Art, like any fiction, is an amazing space to reimagine and perform a more just society. All politics are performance art, it's just typically a stage that excludes those individuals most impacted by the criminal justice system.

The People's Paper Co-op (PPC) has worked with hundreds of individuals across Philadelphia to produce a giant paper quit of pulped criminal records, polaroid portraits, and community reflections. Every month the PPC partners with the Philadelphia Lawyers for Social Equity (PLSE) to organize and facilitate free legal clinics in Philadelphia. In each clinic, participants work with lawyers to clear or clean up their criminal records. Participants then print out their records, tear them up, and put them in blenders to create new blank sheets of handmade paper.

Windows from Prison, the People's Paper Co-op, Performing Statistics... all of these projects share a core ethosthat we need to listen. That we need spaces to connect across difference. That discomfort is essential to justice.

It's been such an honor to work with so many brilliant and beautiful people throughout these projects. Each iteration is building on the last, and I believe we're finally beginning to see change on the personal, community, and legislative levels.

We featured some of the work that came in from Postcards from Prison, where you collaborated with Prison Health News and created an open call to inmates asking, "If you could create a window in the prison walls, what would you want the world to see?" What surprised you most about the drawings and information that came back?
Most of my work is centered around the idea that the people most impacted by any issue (in this case incarcerated men and women) are the very experts that society needs to listen to. Postcards from Prison began with that concept in mind. If we looked to incarcerated men and women as photojournalists what "images" would they create? What windows into their experience would they want to share with the world? Working with PHN we sent thousands of blank postcards to incarcerated men and women across the US. The postcards move in a multitude of ways: from deeply personal narratives of isolation, to resilience and self-determination in the face of extreme obstacles, to complex criticism of the criminal justice system, to regrets, forgiveness, self-love, and self-blame. At its core the project is about creating moments for listening and learning. Something that I believe many photos of prisoners fail to do. Something that is so important for our society to truly reimagine this system.

What are common misconceptions you find people make about inmates in general?
I often ask people at our exhibitions or public talks, "What is the first image that comes to mind when you hear the word prison, or prisoner?" All over the country I hear the same responses: orange jumpsuits, hands on bars, jail cells, concrete... People have seen so many of the same images in film, on nightly news, in music, books, and throughout our mediated culture. Collectively they've manifested what I believe is a very limited understanding of the actual human beings, the actual experience of incarcerated, let alone the struggles, inequalities, trauma, and structural violence that occurs in the communities that so many prisoners come from.

Children across the US are surviving childhood, not experiencing it. That's a radically important distinction to make. During a workshop with incarcerated youth in Virginia I was once told, "If you believed you would be dead or in prison by 21, what would you do? How would you act?"

It's so important that prisoners are creating their own media. It's a huge first step, we need to transform the narratives that have helped shaped the very policies that have led us to this crisis.

In the ongoing project 'Windows from Prison,' images requested by prisoners are collaboratively produced by students, former prisoners, artists, activists, and many others. Once the images are produced and given to the corresponding prisoners, the images are blown up on banners and publicly exhibited to spark dialogue and action around criminal justice issues.

In your most recent project, Performing Statistics, you collaborate with incarcerated teens. How do you think they can change the system through this project?
Our project began with the questions, "How would criminal justice reform differ if it was led by incarcerated teens? How could socially engaged artists, educators, and Virginia's leading policy advocates support and ensure the success of their vision for a more just society?"

This summer we worked with a group of incarcerated teens in Richmond, Virgina. Three days a week for eight weeks the teens were able to leave their prison and come to Art 180, a window-filled art space that was the antithesis of a detention center. They were able to wear their own clothes, speak about anything they wanted, and work in a room without any guards. Every week they worked with an amazing group of artists, activists, and legal experts from Legal Aid Justice Center to create projects about their lives and their visions for a more just world. It was important to not only work with the youth to use art to envision a world without youth in prison, but to model how an alternative program could look and function.

Self-portraits created by an incarcerated youth in the Performing Statistics project. These images have been printed on 12-foot wide banners for public installations where they will be seen in schools, governmental buildings, museums, and public events, including a parade on November 6, where they'll be marched down Richmond's main avenue. To hear a poem written by this teen, call 804-234-3698, extension #2

The projects they created include PSAs about their lives that will be broadcasted on radio stations across Virginia, their own police training manual incredible photographs that have been printed on giant photo banners for a mobile exhibition that will tour across Virginia, silk-screened posters and T-shirts that have been given out to hundreds of people, protest chants that a marching band is translating into a score for public performances, and a to-scale model of a prison cell that includes poems written by the youth burned into the floorboards.

Honestly, I've never had this much hope. The head of Virginia's Department of Juvenile Justice is holding a town hall meeting in our exhibit this month. Richmond's police chief is bringing all of his new recruits to see the installation and use the exhibit and the manuals the teens created to help train his officers. Teachers across Richmond are developing a curriculum for the project. We're going to print a newspaper with the teens' art and curriculum suggestions so that we can connect with students and educators across the state.

To hear a poem written by this teen, call 804-234-3698, extension #4

Self-portrait from Performing Statistics Project. To hear a poem written by this teen, call 804-234-3698 extension #5

What should people do if they want to become involved in this cause?
I think the quickest way to understanding criminal justice issues is to spend any amount of time with those directly impacted. Thankfully there are so many programs, services, and organizations across the US that are working directly with incarcerated individuals, their families, and returning citizens. I can't think of a better place to start than to open your ears and hearts in your own community. Get involved in these programs and find your niche. Whether you're an artist, lawyer, educator, counselor, teacher, police officer, activistanythingthere's an important and needed place for you.

My role as a cultural organizer is like a dinner host. I gather a multitude of people together and help nurture the relationships from these rare and important connections in hopes of having lasting impacts on individuals, audiences, and policy decisions. But it's largely out of my control, which is important. There's so many people that, through the deeply collaborative process, make the work their own. It not only makes the work possible but is sustainable. Art can create the stage for people to see their own potential and place within society. We all have amazing power, how we use it is what's important.

Mark Strandquist is a is an artist, activist, and educator who has spent years using art as a vehicle for connecting diverse communities to build empathy and support for social justice movements. Follow his work here.

'Der Fan' Is the Batshit German Exploitation Horror Film You've Been Looking For

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All images are still from 'Der Fan'

As October winds down, self-respecting film nerds the worldover are making their way through their personal horror film canons. Incelebration of the best holiday season on the calendar, we thought we'd alertyou to one you might not have seen yet, but that's well worth your time if youenjoy teenage angst, 80s new wave music, celebrity obsessions, and incredibly fucked-upendings.

Unless you're the type of person who orders VHS dubs ofJapanese laserdiscs from foreign eBay sites, you probably won't have comeacross Der Fan (or The Fan). The full, uncut version hasbeen recently put out on Blu-Ray in a stunning transfer by Mondo Macabro, one of the best (andsadly last) home-video labels specializing in the most obscure, most batshitinsane exploitation cinema from around the world. Der Fan tells the story of teenager Simone as she abandons herfamily and school in order to pursue R, a German musician and her pop-starcrush. That's really all you need to know.

We asked a few of our friends to give their thoughts on thefilm, along with a few choice quotes from director Eckhart Schmidt. But really, if the cool, austere style of GoodnightMommy got you excited about arty Euro exploitation, then this is amandatory watch.

Some spoilers are ahead.

For me, one of the mostimportant eras was punk and new wave, the whole punk movement. I created amagazine at that time called Die Sau.A lot of cutting-edge musicians wrote for it, like David Byrne of TalkingHeads, Devo, and Patti Smith. The story of Der Fan began in this magazine as a diary, a young girl's diary. I can onlythink like a girl. I can't think like a man... I was a journalist for the SddeutscheZeitung back then, and I wrote a longarticle about the fan cult around a big TV music show. That was the backgroundfor Der Fan."
Director Eckhart Schmidt

KIER-LA JANISSE AUTHOR, HOUSE OF PSYCHOTIC WOMEN; FOUNDER, THE MISKATONIC INSTITURE OF HORROR STUDIES; EDITOR-IN-CHIEF, SPECTACULAR OPTICAL PUBLICATIONS

Ifirst came across this movie during an intense period of mail-ordering fromEuropean Trash Cinema in the late 90s. Listed in the catalogue as Trance and supposedly transferred from aCanadian VHS source, its brief synopsis denoted what my friend Sam McKinlayalways called "a Janisse Special": alienated teen girl obsessed with new-wavepop star resorts to extreme measures when he rejects her. Sold!

On MUNCHIES: I Had My Tea Leaves Read by Kim Kardashian's Psychic

Sixteen-yearold Desiree Nosbusch stars as Simone, who rudely scoffs at pimply potentialsuitors in favor of her fictional romance with the enigmatic pop singer R, and whoengages in daily battles with the hapless mailman she believes is stealingher love letters. While my ownfan-letter writing and celebrity crushes never reached the dangerous intensityof Der Fan's protagonist, I coulddefinitely relate to the disaffected teen, strapped into her Walkman 24/7 andmaking out with wall-sized posters of her idol.

Thereare a few reasons why this film is of enduring interest in pop-culture annals.First off, it's a strangely bloodless horror film, especially considering itssensationalistic subject matter; secondly, it's a slice of early 80s Christiane F.era West Germany starringreal-life Rheingold frontman Bodo Steiger as R and featuring a great new wavesoundtrack with a theme ("Fan Fan Fanatisch") that charted in Germany at thetime; and of course due to its underage star Desiree Nosbusch, who was alreadya pirate radio celeb when she was cast and has since gone on to be an A-list TVpresenter who wants absolutely nothing to do with this film, especially as sheappears fullyand controversiallynude. The film's central sex scene is themost weirdly robotic possible outcome of Simone's elaborate fantasies, but itis fascinating all the same.

My first viewing was on a VHS bootleg, and while I've managed to see a35mm print since (thanks, Celluloid Screams Festival!), Mondo Macabro's newBlu-Ray is easily my most-anticipated title of the year. All known Englishversions are dubbedgiving the already cold and teutonic-tinged movie that muchmore emotional distance.

Watch our documentary on how mobile apps are changing sex and love:

BRET BERG PROGRAMMER, THECINEFAMILY

German provocateur Eckhart Schmidt here deftly ditches theflavor-of-the-month new wave teenybopper angst angle of Christiane F. infavor of a wonderfully roiling, sordidly screw-loose psychosexual tension thatwould make even Brian De Palma blush.

I was but a fraction older than Der Fan's Simone whenI both dealt with my own personal synth savior crush and peeped the film forthe first time. Gary Numan is an obvious real-life parallel to the film'smysterious personage of R, but unlike R's aloof musings on the nature of popfame, Numan preferred to swim in the arcane trappings of musty sci-fi paperbackplotsway more my speed. And while I can honestly say I've never thought aboutholding Numan hostage with a kitchen knife hovering just above what I wouldpresume to be a blank crotch mound of Ken Doll smoothness, I've felt icky overan occasional primordial empathy with Simone's need to take her specific driveto its logical conclusion.

This utterly decimating study of teenage obsession continues toZamboni my brain into a smoothly polished, ice-cold dagger. As the good peopleof NYC's Spectacle Theater once put it: "Imaginea John Hughes vehicle with Michael Haneke in the driver's seat and you'regetting close."

The real story was about love, of course. Basically, the star calls out to the fan and says: "I love you." All pop music tries to conquer the audience with affection. And the fans believe it. They come and say: "OK, on the radio and TV you said you love me, here I am." But the star can't live up to that promise.
Eckhart Schmidt

YASMINE KITTLES MUSICIAN(TEARIST)

After having watched this film over 30 times, I can still saythis is one of my favorite films. I was asked with my band, TEARIST, to score ahorror film for a Halloween party at Los Angeles's Cinefamily. Cinefamily oftenhas events with bands re-scoring cult classic films. For this event we werepresented with the opportunity to score the horror film of our choosing.Knowing we'd be opening for Claudio Simonetti (of Goblin)responsible for theincomparable score for Dario Argento's Suspiriathe pressure was on. When Cinefamily programmer Tom Fitzgeraldpresented Der Fan as an option and sent the trailerI fell, immediately,in love.

This was unlike any other horror filmthe predator being a verycute 15-year-old girl. The film is told from the view point of Simone andbegins in letters to R. You follow Simone as you realize her young crush is,actually, a very scary obsession. She is attractive and young, so it isdifficult to hate her. Due to the men in the film being predators there is astrange sense of heroism in a Joan of Arc martyr sort of way.

Der Fan deserved a score that was well thought out, notsomething self-serving. There was, also, the fact that the score for thisamazing film was already incredible. There was a lot to consider when taking ona film like this, but when all was said and done, I felt that it had been oneof the most fulfilling things I had ever taken on.

The subtext of the film... It's basically about National Socialism... Throughout the film, there are these references to National Socialism. I was asking the question: "Who is actually guilty?" Did Hitler summon the Germans or did the Germans seek Hitler? The fans were the German people. Were they provoked or seduced by Hitler? Or were they looking for him? Where does the blame lie? Der Fan asks that question as well. Who is guilty? Is he guilty because he chose her, played with her carelessly? Or was that desire always inside her and just needed him to bring it to life?
Eckhart Schmidt

JACQUELINE CASTEL DIRECTOR

Der Fan is directorEkhart Schmidt's long lost Neue Deutsche Welle psychodrama that exploresfanaticism, sadomasochistic obsession, and body horror as a metaphor for therise and fall of fascism. Nazi. Death. Porn.

Subtler than most SadicoNazista cinema, Der Fan parallels the roles of idol and dictator, civilian and fan,codependent lovers enmeshed in eroticized propaganda, commerce, and spectacle.For any despot, image is everything, and synth pop star R is at the height ofaesthetic opportunismthink Telekon-era Gary Numan leading an Oswald Mosleyrally backed by an industrial soundtrack. His logo, two black-and-whitelighting bolts encased in a circle, a mix of the Sig Runes of the SS, ZiggyStardust, and Throbbing Gristle. R embodies the fetishized aesthetic of statecontrol.

The masses must fulfill their role too, and antisocialcrypto-fascist teenager Simone is R's number-one fan. Alienated by her family,school, and peers, Simone retreats into the perverse realm of fantasy with Rinstead, penning daily suicidal love letters, memorizing the lyrics he whispersin her ears, and plastering her bedroom walls in a dizzying array of teen ragfanfare. She is ready to consume. She has bought the nightmare.

As a complex portrait of totalitarianism at the height ofthe Cold War, Der Fan warns offanaticism, in all its forms.

NICHOLAS MCCARTHY DIRECTOR(AT THE DEVIL'S DOOR, THE PACT)

Der Fan exists in itsown netherworld. It's a series of left turns away from not only anyidentifiable horror movie subgenre (zombies, slashers), but from even acceptedoutr Euro-horror (e.g. Dario Argento). This is a horror film from a country notknown for making horror films. It's from a period where the golden age ofEuropean exploitation was having its last gasp and the move was toward what 80scinema would representcleanliness, money, modernityall things horror had ahard time reconciling itself with. It's a movie that succinctly introduces itsinsane central character Simone in the opening two minutes, and then has youliterally spend 68 more with her before the blood flows. It's a full-blownauteur film that feels way more like Rainer Werner Fassbinder than Lucio Fulci,and also features a punk aesthetic. This unloved teen wandering through adystopic European society is almost like spin-off fan fiction from the universeof A Clockwork Orange.

Eckhart Schmidt has an amazing minimalist style. Idon't know a lot about him, but besides the feel of Fassbinder, there's a doseof Bresson here too. One thing that those directors didn't have in their movieswas Dsire Nosbusch's jaw-dropping fashion plate star in high-waisted leatherpants. They also didn't have wall-to-wall electropop, a music video sequencewith mannequins, actors getting damned close to cunnilingus on screen, and thecleanest dismemberment this side of Psycho.

I suppose there are those who might dig this movie just forSimone's feathered hair and her Walkman headphones and the 80s atmosphere as akind of moving painting. I get it. For me, this feels less like a movie than awhole world and a way of looking at it. Incredibly, Schmidt links this lonelygirl with Germany's darkest past, prodding connections with the violence mosthorror movies would be way too frightened to make. Der Fan is about how a culture's obsession with fame isolates humanbeings and breeds a sickness that forces us into acting like barbarians. Munich1982 may be an alien place, but man, it feels a lot like the America I live innow.

DerFan is available now from Mondo Macabro. You need to get it.

This Is the Porn You Get at a Sperm Bank

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Back when I was a collegefreshman, eager to profit off my seed, I applied to be a sperm donor.There's about a dozen or so sperm banks in New York City, all withsimilar-sounding names: New York Cryo, Cryos New York, CryosInternational... Being tall, biracial, and "smart" (as determined by my university), I was asked to come in and provide a sample.

The banks that I visited werelocated on the mid-levels of skyscrapers downtown. They were calm, sterileplaces that reminded me of my childhood pediatrician's office. They featured abstract flower paintings on the walls and white with diminutive doodlepatterns on the floor. After filling out a questionnaire and interacting with anall-female staff, I would get escorted to a small donation room, given a smallplastic tube, and be expected to bust a nut.

Although clinics don't have to provide pornographic materials, to ease the transmission process, all the banks I've been to have their own selection of smut. Usually, it took the form of a pile of magazinesor, if I was lucky, a small screen mounted on the wall with a bevy of DVDs on anadjacent table. Growing up in the age of internet porn, I was intrigued by these relics. I had never seen porn DVDs before I started providing a sample of my semen to sperm banks.Some of the discs almost looked as old as me, artifacts from the mid-90s, with names like Anal Frenzy 5 and Cumshot Chronicles 3. I've always wondered which researcher in a lab coat made these selections, and what was the thought process behind their choice.


A donation room at Manhattan Cryobank.

Teresa Randolph, the cheery owner of New York Fertility Serviceswhich is not a sperm bank, but has a sperm collectionroom for their fertility procedurestold me about the grey legalities involved in procuring pornography for a sperm bank.

"Obviously, you have to stock the collection roomwith pornographic material, because men need inspiration," she said. "So youhave to go to a porn shop to buy these materials. thought it'd be agood thing to have. I don't think there's any part of the animation that includes any kind ofbestiality or different fetishes. It's still pretty straightforward heterosexual sex."

Manhattan Cryobank is unique inthat they pull their porn from the internet, which explains the ease in whichthe other researcher was able to get hentai. Most places are still using DVDs.At Manhattan Cryobank, the switch was for two reasons: The DVDs weregetting scratched and people were actually stealing the DVDs. "We wouldjust watch the pile slowly dwindle throughout the year," he said, chuckling.

New York Fertility Services hasthe same problem. "It's fairly regular. DVDs are easy to put in your pocket," Teresa said. "But I guess if we get really good stuff, then it's a compliment whenit's stolen."

You can receive a fertility test and semen analysis at New York Fertility Services, and you can apply to be a sperm donor at Manhattan Cryobank and The Sperm & Embryo Bank of New York, Inc.

Follow Zach on Twitter.

My Long, Complicated Journey After Losing My Mother to Cancer

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The author's mother

I didn't go to my mother's funeral. Instead, I sat in our bathroom and, with the window open, smoked hash through a pink ceramic pipe. It isn't my proudest momentcertainly it isn't one I absolved myself of until recentlybut in the boarded-up memory bank of my mind, it has maybe been the hardest to suppress. She is being cremated, cooked like the brown shit inside my pipe, but in her absence, my grandmother will create a grave, one lacking a body, and one I'll never visit.

"My mother is ash," I tell myself; "just like she wanted."

She was 42 when she died, breast cancer. I was 20, the same age as when she had me. In my early childhood memories, she isn't coping well: crying, screaming and leaving me places. I was a brat but so was she; and having dropped out of school prematurely, when it became clear I wouldn't she imbued me with a pressure to succeed, to give her what she couldn't give herself.

I resented this and the constant fights between my father and her. They were mainly over me, him attempting to counteract her unending need to indulge me with what little money we did have. She was a weak woman, starting and stopping diets, hobbies, and I pounced on this. I was also her confessor, the person to whom she delivered the world as she saw it, dropping the happiness charade she presented to others. Even to my father she was never totally honesther need for validation, and her insecurity, was too strong.

Though her internal lack was obvious, so was mine; so in the midst of all the resentment, a common ground was formed: cracked, weed-laden. Essentially, we were both victimsshe blamed her mother and I blamed mine. Simpatico.

Read: What It Feels LIke to Be a 20-Year-Old with Cancer

I became a complicated teen, isolating on one hand and bullying and domineering on the other. She didn't want to investigate: In her eyes, no matter how complicated, I'd still be delivered to the promised land on a fluffy cloud of impeccable grades. Predictably, I became unglued, doing the unthinkable by dropping out of school in a whirlwind of anxiety and depression. She still didn't delve any deeper, just went to bed every night believing I'd magically cure myself. I didn't, just got slightly better, then slightly worse, then slightly better: never enough to commit suicide, never enough to truly live.

In the years preceding her illness, she seemed content just taking our dogs for a walk. She was in her mid 30s by then and it was like she'd realized that, in my failure, she could no longer achieve what she wanted. I was the saving grace who had failed to deliver, and as I waned, she waned. Simpatico.

She began suffering from a vertigo no one believed in, including her doctor. Clearly she had depression, but like with mine, she couldn't confront it. She first quit work, then quit drinking, then quit driving, then quit life. Over about a year, she became a shut-in, spending about as much time in bed as she did on internet chatrooms, living vicariously through digital words sent to distant unknown strangers.

The complaints became more physicalleg, back painbut her doctor thought them psychosomatic, still. When she pushed for an MRI he relented, but by the time it rolled around, she rolled out of bed one morning and heard a crack: She'd broken her thigh bone doing nothing, and the pain, the screams, were excruciating.

After operating, they told her cancer: tumors all over the body that'd originated in her breast, gone undetected and spread. They were gnawing at her bones, her spine, so they put her in a back brace and told her not to move. They said they could treat it and give her time, but that it'd eventually kill her.

She cried, but not like she'd been given a death sentence. Funny, in actually becoming a victim she became a lot more positive. I took my escape where I could find it, eating, exercising and reading until my body ached or felt sick, until my mind frayed and collapsed. At 18, in a house suddenly liberated of my house-bound mother, I could masturbate freely with the door open, forgetting that, an hour away, she now lay bound to bed, hospital, and death.

She lay like that for months, life a series of blood tests, radiation blasts and IVs. She looked fucking woeful, her hair all dried up, muscles atrophying. Thin already, she became brittle, like she'd shatter if you dropped her; and maybe, considering the state of her bones, she would have.

By day she'd text me and watch TV, read stupid celebrity magazines that drove me mad. She read prayer books too, even worse, pinning holy medals to her clothes. Suddenly, like everyone else, she clung to God. By then she was 39 but looked much older, an antique ghost from an alternate universe.

Once my father had finished work, we'd drive an hour every night to visit her, spend two or three there, then head back. I lived a fairytale in that hospital, stalking the halls while they had time alone, the linoleum corridors weaving a web as known to me as the veins upon my arms, each pumping blood, I thought, laced with the cancer gene.

Passing nurses, I'd fantasize sexually; then that they'd tell me I was brave. Passing doctors, I'd fantasize they'd recognize me as their own. I'd stop before large windows and spy the city beneath: forever unmoved by the death playing out above. The top floor was nicknamed "heaven," my mother's floor. I wandered it and others, savoring the burnt-toast smell, the bleach, the constant pinging of lifts.

Real life lay in the spaces between, in the time it took my lift to get to the next floor, in the scald of cafeteria coffee on my tongue and the discovery of newsprint on my thumbs. It lay, most specifically, that one time where, having fallen asleep, I woke in a random corridor to see a body bag, full, passing by me on a trolley.

What could be done about death, much less life? I grabbed for them both but they moved through my hands like reflections in water, insight giving way to anger. This was my early adulthood, jobless and crazy, my peers playing beer pong and fucking at university. As my mother clung to God, I clung to sanity, by the skin of my crooked, yellow teeth.


The spinal tumors shrank and she got strong enough to rehab her leg. On crutches she focused on each step, teetering back and forth to the toilet, up and down the ward, out to the lift and back. It'd gone from summer to winter and she was allowed to go home.

I was no longer the martyr I thought I was. Now that I couldn't haunt hospitals or drive through rush-hour traffic every evening while listening to Neil Young and the Smiths, my excuse to be the freak I always was was slightly less perfect. I wanted her problems to diminish mine, hoped that, if they continued, they'd eliminate them. I wanted her illness, and eventual death, to change me.

She slept in our lounge with my fathertaking the stairs to their room was too dangerous. That spring she improved and went out first in a wheelchair, then on two crutches, then on just one. By summer she was more active than she'd been in years, going on holiday. Other than her impending death, life for her was good.

The hospital visits lessened, too, from weekly to monthly to bimonthly. She still had hormone injections, blood tests, and bone-strengthening IVs, but her hands, where nurses attached the drip, weren't so bruised. She gained weight and people in public were relieved: Under the impression she was getting better, they didn't have to feel so guilty for not visiting.

The uncertainty of life still frustrated me. I'd try my best to repress it and beat it down, but the powerlessness I felt sometimes was white hot. When driving, I'd occasionally pull over and let the rage spill out in a torrent of punches thrown at the steering wheel and dash. God knows what I looked or sounded like, screaming "fuck" and "cunt" while children and old ladies passed on nearby footpaths. I wanted love and a great adventure, not cancer, family and death.

I became politicized, pretending to care about stuff that only served to divide us. She asked if I was gay because I never had any girlfriends. Nope, just hopeless. Sometimes I blamed her for not getting better; frequently I blamed her for getting sick in the first place. I criticised her diet and vigilance, raged at the fact that she'd smoked in her 20s and early 30s. I thought that, if I could attribute blame and put everything into clearly-marked boxes, I could somehow control the outcome.

She had a mastectomy in 2007, worried how my father would take itbut he didn't care. The recovery was quick, didn't slow her down. Using crutches very rarely, it was possible to look at her and forget; the sadness cracking her positivity almost never, just in moments like those after her doctor appointments where she'd sit in the car and cry, relief flooding her body that it hadn't been worse, followed by fear it hadn't been better.

That summer, though, two years after diagnosis, a liaison nurse told us the cancer was in remission. It wasn't a cure, but fuck, it was hope. We went to Florence that September with a cautious air of celebration, and though she couldn't do very muchthe heat draining her badlybeing abroad suited her. She was a proud, tall woman; beautiful if not for the fact she looked like me. I was drunk the entire time, slurping Daniels and reading Kerouac, hoping a bolt of knowledge would strike and reinvent me. Passing disdainfully through the sea of American tourists outside the Uffizi, gazing longingly down the Arno, I realized I hated myself. I felt so uptight and trapped, trapped by that thing I couldn't quite name: Was it circumstance or something deeper?

When we returned, scans revealed aggressive new tumors, so it was time to finally try chemo, taking it orally at home. On the second day, with the requisite puking, she began getting excruciating pain in her legs. We'd discover later the cancer was attacking her liver, clotting up her blood. But when we called a doctor, he diagnosed it as anxiety and prescribed Xanax, morphine, the latest in a long line of medical malpractices.

That evening around 7 PM, I took the dog for a walk, and when I returned, she was sitting up in bed talking with my grandmother. She was coherent, but shortly after complained of feeling more pain, so we gave her more morphine and she fell hazily asleep.

Then, around 9 PM, with my grandmother and me in the room, she shot bolt upright and began spasming, breathing in but not really out, white liquid trickling from her mouth. I held her close and told her to hold on as my father called an ambulance and my grandmother panicked. I don't think I'd held her that close my entire life, and what struck me was how fragile she felt. Then, with her mouth pressed to my ear, she took her final breath and went still in my arms.

"She's dead," I said, almost in admonishment, trying to calm them down.

They cried, I didn't; people came and went. In her bed slept a stranger, someone that looked like my mother but wasn't. We followed the body to the morgue and my father cried on top of it; to comfort him, I put my hand on his head. It occurred to me I'd never really touched him like that before, either.

That night we slept in the same bed, the one my mother had died in, having changed the urine-stained sheets, and the next morning, October 19, we awoke wifeless and motherless; and finallyI thoughtI was free.

In dreams I'd see her alive, talking. I started falling asleep knowing I'd meet her there, in the etherworld. Then it began happening less and less, until sometimes, in my waking life, I'd forget what she looked like. Then I'd see a picture of her and feel ridiculous, remembering every line on her face but at a distance, like she was simultaneously disappearing and fixed, locked in a dimension I had access to but would sometimes forget how to find.

For maybe a year, I moved through life present but not really, some vague uneasiness perched upon my shoulder. Though I still dreamt of freedom, I did so without much convictionthe only thing I was convinced of was that I was spurning it day on day. In all this, too, smiling, never letting down my guard lest anyone think me insane.

Even to those going through it with me, there was no mention. We'd earned a special knowledge but couldn't share it; liberated from the terror of never having experienced death but wearied, ultimately, by what it actually meant: slight wisdom lapping against a vast, empty shore.

I dragged myself to gigs and parties, drinking lots and occasionally getting stoned. There were hotel rooms and vinyls and endless piles of books. When I turned 21 I read to celebrate, read until the vague uneasiness assumed a mission: I'd write about her. But that was hard. There was so much to say, so much still unknown. I tried writing about other things but she always crept back in.

I started telling people I didn't care she was dead, and it was true: My brain was diminishing what it no longer had, and after about a year made room to formulate thoughts not involving her. My tragedy existed but not really; I fell in love, was loved, and a new life began.

It's been eight years now since she died. That girl I fell in love with, we dated for six years and broke up last November. The breakup affected me greatly, undoubtedly worse than the death.

We come to believe in narratives. We believe that whatever we put into life vis--vis pain will come back to us as a positive eventually. It keeps us going through the hard times, and whether it's true or not, I certainly believed so: that I'd been given my ex as a replacement for my mother.

Adjusting to a changed narrative was hard. I'd lost not only the love of my life but the fucked-up sense of identity I pinned bloodily to my chest: the hero who'd overcome; the victim that'd risen from the ashes, his mother's ashes, whole.

It turns out I wasn't either of them, just self-identifying in the hopes my skinny body would fill out the Batman suit I wore both in writing and in life. My ex saw through me, lived daily with the flashes of fear, and finally, after six long years, my inability to become this person for real destroyed her.

At 27, I was the same scared teenager that'd dropped out of school; the same scared 20-year-old who couldn't face his mother's funeral. I smiled and talked shit in public, but in our apartment walked around depressed, angry, and regretful, writing things that hinted at my insides but not really. After six long years, my ex could no longer feed on fiction, and it turned outthough it took me a while longer to realizeneither could I.

Fear of life ran rampant through my mother's every word and action. Fear of taking chances, of being honest, of not having an excuse; fear of not being afraid. Though she surrendered it in illness, I didn't, merely picked up hers, swallowed and kept moving.

Unlike her, I continued relying on bad shit to define me: Though on the surface I'd overcome tragedies, implicit in this was the bolstering of these tragedies, not only needing them to prop me up but searching them out in my writing. A young dead mother was the ultimate: It simultaneously fed my desire for victimhood while giving birth to the idea of masking it in something that looked, and read, like heroism.

This summerwhere there was a lot of the same drinking and drugging that occurred after her deathit became clear that rather than a V-shaped narrative (where I fell from grace as a teen, hit bottom with my mother, then rose triumphantly with my ex), I was actually living a circular one, a loop of stagnation and sorrow that began not in death or breakups, but in life, the one I'd shared with my mother, which, rather than blame her for, I needed to confront my own role in so that I could finally shed the sense of victimhood and become the man, not the hero, I wanted to be.

Rather than the fact that she'd died young and left me without a mother, I needed to confront that she had been oneand that for 20 years, seven months, and two chemo-filled days, I had been her son.

This summer, in sweat and vodka, I decided: There could be no more fiction.

I hated my mother. Hated her because she was exactly the same as me, and no matter how much I tried pulling away, our similarities remained fixed. If she feared life, I feared hers, and growing up I took pleasure in destroying the things she took pride in, like my schooling. I didn't invent my mental illness, but once I'd dropped out, I did think she'd got what she deserved for not having helped me: a shit son. I operated like this my entire life: I wanted her help but delighted whenever I didn't get it.

Of course, after her death I realized not once during her illness had she complained about not having lived enough. She died at 42, way too young, but never had she looked out the window and declared her life a waste. She hadn't because it wasn't; because, in her eyes, she'd had me.

There was one crucial difference between us, then: She loved me. That night in the morgue, I knew I'd failed her; that day smoking hash, the same. I'd failed her not by dropping outas I'd previously thoughtbut by not loving her how she deserved to be.

I repressed her death to fuel my victimhood, but also to punish myself for being so heartless. But what matters penance to the dead? After eight years I realized I had punished myself enough. After eight years I realized I owed myself, if not the penance I was seeking, then some memory of my mother untainted by guilt. I owed myself, after 28 years, the freedom to love her back.

What good did fear of life do me when the women who were my life died and disappeared? What good did it do my mother when hiding away may have contributed to her death? Having lost enough already, ending up as she did is a chance I'm no longer willing to take.

These past couple of months, for the first time in my life, I feel like I'm truly living. This, I think, is what my mother realized when diagnosed: To eliminate fear we must have faith, not in God necessarily, but in stuff getting better. Admittedly, she had no choice. With death's barrel pressed firmly to her skull, she could've either had faith or crumbled and though I crumbled for her, long before her illness and after, now with life's barrel pressed firmly to mine, I feel like I, too, have no choice but to live fearlessly.

A few weeks ago, I knew I still had two things to do before I could move on completely, so in an email, I apologized to my ex for subjecting her to all the shit I should have dealt with years ago. It won't fix anything, but maybe it'll free her a bit to go find the happiness I should have given her elsewhere. The second thing was write this.

Since I first began writing, in a way, everything I've ever written has been preparation for this. Call it an apology if you like, a tribute or eulogy to my mother. It's all those things, I guess, but it's also a goodbyenot to the person I lost eight years ago, or to the one I lost in November, but to the one who lived with them for 20 years and six years and never knew what he had.

Well, I know what I had now, and I know what I've lost. But in losing them both, maybe I've gained myself. Maybe, more than this eulogy, everything I've ever written has been preparation, finally, to live.

Follow James on Twitter.

Everything We Know About the Pregnant Asylum Seeker Returned to Nauru

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A note purportedly written by Abyan, explaining why she was denied care. Image via

Last Sunday, a 23-year-old pregnant Somali woman detained at the Nauru detention centre was allowed into Australia to have a termination. The woman, who is known as Abyan, was allegedly raped in the centre, but unable to have an abortion in Nauru where the procedure is illegal. At the time of writing, she is believed to be 14-weeks pregnant.

On Friday she was returned to Naru without receiving the procedure. Debate has since erupted over whether the decision to forgo the termination was hers, and if the government fulfilled their duty of care by providing access to doctors, mental health support, and translators.

Abyan was one of two women who claim they were raped by Nauran men while in detention. Earlier this month 7.30 aired footage of the other woman pleading for help from police in relation to the rapes. According to the ABC, it took Nauruan authorities four hours to respond to the women's claims.

When it became clear that Abyan, who has been cleared as a genuine refugee, was pregnant and seeking an abortion, Immigration Minister Peter Dutton said she would be allowed to enter Australia to receive the procedure. Although he stressed that any refugee flown to the mainland for medical treatment would never be allowed to permanently resettle in Australia.

Soon after arriving in Australia and being taken to Sydney's Villawood detention centre, the full extent of Abyan's physical and mental health issues became clear. In the months following the assault she had lost 10 kilograms, and was still not eating or drinking.

Despite the severity of her situation, on Friday it was announced that she would be forced to leave the country without receiving a termination.

The Department of Immigration and Border Protection reported she had decided to not go through with the abortion, but advocates and lawyers in contact with her claim she wasn't given satisfactory access to counsellors or doctors.

Refugee advocates have questioned if she was provided with the information needed to make an informed decision on how to proceed. Ian Rintoul from the Refugee Action Coalition, who had been in contact with her while in Australia, told the Guardian "I sat with Abyan on Tuesday at Villawood where she made it clear that she wanted to see counsellors regarding the termination of her pregnancy. She has been denied the right to seek advice from doctors."

In the days after her return, his claims were supported by a handwritten letter sent to Abyan's Australian lawyer George Newhouse. It read: "I have been very sick. I have never said thate I did not want a termination, I never saw a doctor. I saw a nurse at a clinic but there was no counselling. I saw a nurse at Villawood but there was no interpreter. I asked but was not allowed to talk with my lawyer."

In response to the letter, a source from the Immigration Department insisted she did have access to counsellors, doctors, and nurses, but failed to reveal how she'd communicated her desire to forgo the abortion.

Following her deportation, Mr Rintoul told the Australian Associated Press he believed she was hastily removed "deliberately and consciously" before being given satisfactory access to doctors "to avoid there being any possible review of the decision to remove her."

Mr Dutton called such accusations "a fabrication", but has previously accused refugees of using medical treatments as a way to enter Australia before seeking legal injunctions to prevent their returnsgoing as far as calling the process "a racket''.

Following this most recent outcry Mr Dutton continued: "The woman was brought to Australia for medical attention, not for a migration outcome." He suggests advocates used the situation to draw attention to the issue of refugees being resettled and "appear to be using this woman's circumstance for their own political agenda".

If she was denied access to health professionals, family planning and legal experts claim that the Immigration Department may have breached their duty of care. If proven, the federal government could face civil claims for damages on the grounds of negligence.

Greens Senator Sarah Hanson-Young has since called for answers through an independent investigation. As she said, "it is hard to fathom a more brutal way of treating a scared young woman who has been raped and is struggling with the decision to terminate the pregnancy."

Two months after the alleged rapes, the Nauru police have closed their investigation, citing "insufficient evidence" supporting the woman's claim.

Follow Wendy on Twitter


Photos: Horrifying Nightmares from Around the World

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It is always night somewhere, and a third of the world is alwaysasleepsubmerged in dreams. For the past 15 months I've explored thatsubconscious realm in 18 countries for my ongoing World Dream Atlas project. I walkup to strangers and ask for dreams, but just as often, I get nightmares. Aroundthe globe, similar themes of horror emerge again and again: thepost-apocalyptic wasteland, the faceless stalker, the broken teeth, thecannibal banquet, the sorrowful dead.

In waking life, human culture is built on conflict. Our books andfilms all feature struggle. In these mediums, we could create scenes of endlesshappiness where nothing ever goes wrong. Of course, we never do. Bliss isboring, if prolonged. Even our most optimistic narratives require a challengeto be overcome before happiness is attained. In dreams, the outcome is similar.Deprived of stimuli in our sleep, the mind reveals its nature in what itgenerates. We populate the darkness with aspects of ourselves and call themmonsters.

What follows is a selection of nightmares from around the world. Inwaking life, we dedicate one day a year to the celebration of the macabre. Inour dreams, however, every night is Halloween.

Follow Roc's project collecting dreams at World Dream Atlas.

How El Salvador's Abortion Ban Destroys Women's Lives

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Congresswomen Norma Torres (left) and Debbie Wasserman Schultz (right)

In 2004, Cristina Quintanilla was pregnant for the secondtime. Eight months into her pregnancy, she started feeling discomfort, which sheassumed at first was normal. One night the pain was so excruciating she passedout at home, only learning later she miscarried. Her mother and stepfather tookher to a local hospital for emergency treatment. But that's not what shereceived.

Because Cristina lives in El Salvador, she was immediatelyinterrogated by police and arrested under suspicion of obtaining an illegalabortion. Months later, she was sentenced to 30 years in prison for aggravatedhomicide.

On VICE News: Four Israeli Cities Ban Arab Workers from Schools in Security Move Decried as Racist

Cristina's story is far too common in El Salvador, where formore than 16 years abortion has been illegal under any circumstance. Today,pregnant women in El Salvador live under a cloud of suspicion and fear, placingtheir health, lives, and freedom at risk as soon as they enter a hospitalseeking critical medical services. Countless women have been sentenced toyearseven decadesin deplorable prisons because of the country's abortion ban.

When we heard Cristina's story and those of Las 17themore than a dozen women in El Salvador who suffered obstetric emergencies and laterwrongly imprisoned for homicidewe had to take action. As strong advocates forwomen's rights, we felt compelled to speak out. As members of Congressresponsible for appropriating American foreign assistance to El Salvador, wewant our investments to reflect our values. Our constituents here in the US neededto know about these egregious human rights violations. With the support of 53 ofour colleagues in Congress, we wrote to US Secretary of State John Kerry aboutcalling on President Salvador Sanchez Cern to review the cases of Las 17, withan eye toward freeing them.

Watch the VICE interview with sexual education pioneer Sue Johanson:

Pregnant women in El Salvador like Cristina who are wrongfullyaccused of having an abortion end up in prison with a target on their backs and experience severe discrimination, as well as physical and verbal abuse.Cristina slept in a cell with 84 other inmates and endured cruel "cavitysearches" that amounted to sexual assault, among other atrocities during hertime in prison.

Almost two years into her prison sentence, she finally wasable to work with an attorney on her release. It was an uphill battle, but theywere able to prove a violation of due process during her investigation andtrial. The Salvadoran Supreme Court of Justice determined that her sentence wasexcessive and lowered it to the three years she had already served. Cristina was released in August 2009, nearly four years after enteringprison.

Cristina is sharing her story this week in Washington, DC,at the Inter-American Commission on Human Rightsthe main human rights body forthe Americasto put a face behind the human rights abuses of pregnant women inEl Salvador. She will be speaking alongside representatives of local and internationalhuman rights groups, including Agrupacin Ciudadana and the Center for Reproductive Rights, that are leading a coalition of NGOscalling for the release of Las 17. Earlier this year Guadalupe, one of Las 17was pardoned, but the government of El Salvador refused to release theremaining women still wrongfully imprisoned.

Cristina's story and those of other Salvadoranwomen who end up behind bars because they lost their pregnancies demonstrate the lack of social justice for women in El Salvador.Most of these imprisoned women are poor, living in rural areas, and have littleto no education. They are the ones who are wrongfully targeted, vilified, and publiclyshamed in order to set an example in El Salvador of what will happen to anywoman who dares to end a pregnancyeven though none of these women had anabortion.

What President Sanchez Cern of El Salvador has allowed onhis watch is the ongoing persecution of pregnant women who need emergencymedical attention and who are denied justice. This has to be stopped.

We and our colleagues in the House of Representatives urge Secretaryof State Kerry to urge President Sanchez Cern to revisit the cases of Las 17,and that the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights gets involved to end thiswrongful imprisonment of women.

Debbie Wasserman Schultz is a Democratic Representative from Florida's 23rd District. Norma Torres is a Democratic Representative from California's 35th District.


​'Do I Matter Now' Movement Unites Indigenous and Muslim Women Against Stephen Harper

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Alethea Arnaquq-Baril seen in her #doimatternow photo. Photo via Alethea Arnaquq-Baril.

A group of Inuit women are calling out Stephen Harper by posting pictures of themselves wearing makeshift niqabs. The women hope the improvised veils will prompt the Conservative leader to pay more attention to Indigenous issues, particularly surrounding murdered and missing women.

"Indigenous women are fighting for the right to be safe and in control of our own bodies, and instead of launching an inquiry to uncover the systemic racism that caused an epidemic of missing and murdered Indigenous women, Harper attacks our Muslim sisters for what they choose to wear," reads the #DoIMatterNow manifesto. "PM Harper, it's my body, my clothing, and MY decision. You will not distract me from issues that actually matter to me as a Canadian. In solidarity with our Muslim sisters."

Karen Kabloona, one of the women behind the movement, credits her aunt Lena Amaruq Aittauq with the idea. "She's an Inuk woman in Baker Lake, Nunavut, and she was tired of all the national attention being paid to women and we feel that the focus really should be shifted, Brewster says. "What are we doing, what do we know about what's going on in our communities and why Indigenous women are going missing and dying at such alarming rates."

El Firdaws says the unexpected sisterhood is heartwarming. "I've rarely seen this type of support, and it's gratifying to see it come from another group of women." she says. "We have to help other women move forward, because it's not religion that's dividing us. It's the government."

Follow Brigitte Nol on Twitter.Follow Jean-Pierre here.



The VICE Morning Bulletin

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A soldier overlooking territory run by Mexican drug cartels (Image via)

Here is everything you need to know about the world this morning, curated by VICE.

US News

  • US Cuts Mexico's Anti-Drug Fund
    The State Department has scaled back funding for Mexico's fight against the drug cartels because of its neighbor's failures on human rights. It has decided to move 15 percent of those funds$5 milliontowards coca eradication in Peru. The Washington Post
  • Shut Up, Says Benghazi Investigator
    The Republican chairman of the investigation into the Benghazi tragedy has told his GOP colleagues to "shut up" about it. It follows comments from leading Republicans suggesting the probe is a politically motivated attack on Hillary Clinton. Chicago Tribune
  • ZombiCon Shooter Still at Large
    Police are still searching for the perpetrator of the ZombiCon shootings in Florida, in which one man was killed and five others wounded. The man killed has been identified as 20-year-old Expavious Tyrell Taylor, who had just started college in Miami. NBC News
  • First Lady Unveils College Plan
    Michelle Obama launches her new education website at the White House today, an initiative designed to help high school students know all their college options. Vine and Funny Or Die are among those helping with the campaign. The New York Times

International News

  • Canada Votes
    As Canadians head to the voting booth this morning, a final poll predicts a big win for the Liberals. It puts Justin Trudeau's party at 40 percent, well ahead of Stephen Harper's governing Conservatives' 30 percent. VICE News
  • Migrants Blocked in the Balkans
    Tensions rise as migrants' route to Western Europe is blocked by new controls. Croatia, running out of room in transit camps, has asked northern neighbor Slovenia to accept 5,000 migrants daily, but Slovenia says it can take only half that number. BBC
  • Filipino Villagers Rescued
    Troops have been deployed to rescue residents trapped on rooftops as floodwaters rise in villages across northern Philippines. Floods from Typhoon Koppu have killed at least two people and forced more than 20,000 from their homes. CNN
  • Slowdown in China
    The world's second-largest economy grew by 6.9 percent in the last quarter, the weakest growth in China since the global financial crisis. Strong consumer spending has helped avert a more serious downturn. AP

Michael Fassbender as Steve Jobs (Screen shot via)

Everything Else

  • Eddie Murphy Has Won the Mark Twain Prize
    Murphy delivered his first stand-up act in 28 years after receiving the honor. And his first joke was about Bill Cosby. The Hollywood Reporter
  • Sorkin's Conscience Is Clear
    Screenwriter Aaron Sorkin has admitted to some "conceits" in his portrayal of Steve Jobs, but has no regrets. "My conscience is clear," he said at the movie's European premiere. The Guardian
  • How to Game Design Political Campaigns
    One 38-year-old Canadian just can't stop making hyper-real and super-fun campaign simulators. Anthony Burgoyne thinks "politics is basically civil war". Motherboard
  • The Feminists Taking Over at Frieze
    Feminism gets a bad rap in the art world. Meet the radical artists making trying to change all that at London's leading art fair. Broadly

Done with reading for today? Finewatch our new film 'Mobile Love Industries', about how mobile apps have changed the modern dating landscape.

​Here Are All the Reasons Students Have Against Voting in the Federal Election

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As if anyone cares about studying this hard. Photo via Flickr user Francisco Osorio

Finding a student who cares about students politics is hard. Finding a student who cares about real politics is near impossible. At my university this year, they've been rewarding anyone who votes with a slice of pie, which isn't as good as booze by the barrel but is tasty enough. Beyond that, however, most students have forgotten that they're going to have responsibilities in the future, such as paying back student loans and preventing the environment from dying and all that shit.

Whoever gets voted in today is going to be around for next few years, which means if you are in university now, this election is going to decide how much money you pay in taxes (and more importantly, where that money goes) when you actually find a job. But we young people have a pretty bad (and deservedly so) reputation for not giving a shit about voting. Yeah, yeah, yeah, you have your reasons for not voting, but I'm here to tell you why they are all lazy bullshit.

I don't want my name in a system

This is probably your friend who uses 4Chan as a news source, or really likes to watch those old YouTube videos about 9/11 conspiracy theories. You know, the nifty, "fuck the man," type of guy. But, the main question is: Why are you trying so hard to keep your name out of the system? What have you done (or plan to do) that is so badass that you can't register your name to vote? Maybe your friend thinks they can slay the drug selling biz for the rest of their life, or just doesn't want to be "watched." Either way, they've probably been trying to delete themselves from the internet since they were 14, and not super interested in heading into a polling booth. What you could do is remind them about bill C-51 and how a number of government agencies are probably spying on them at this very second and get them fired up enough that they'll stomp on over to the nearest polling station.

Harper is going to get in no matter what

Even people who aren't necessarily pessimistic might feel this way. But not voting because you think your vote won't do anything just makes you sound like a whiney bitch. If everyone had that mentality, Harper could stay in power forever, and you'd forever be paying for his goddamn haircut. He's already the sixth-longest-serving prime minister but history suggests most prime ministers are tossed after about 10 years. According to polls, there's a good chance your vote for "somebody else" will actually matter this time around.

You are going to want to watch VICE's Election Circus 2015 tonight.

I don't know how to register or where to vote

These people most likely can't do a thing for themselves because they live with their parents, which is a struggle in itself. Not knowing how to do the laundry might not seem like a huge deal, or how to do run the dishwasher (which you do know how to do, liar), but not knowing how to have a say in your government is going a little too far. It takes like two seconds, jerk. Let me explain it to you, in terms that you might understand.

1.You register your name and address online on the fucking computer.
2.Go find your closest fucking polling stations (and register there if 1 didn't work)
3.Go to said polling station with at least two pieces of ID (your student card counts as one)
4. Worst case: find someone who is responsible enough to do all of the above and have them vouch for you.

Is it all really that hard? Now that I've explained it, you'll have to find another excuse.

I'm drunk

Same. Us young people love alcohol. This is maybe your frat friend, or buddy who isn't ashamed to show up to first call at the campus pub (stop the stigma, people). But they don't test your blood alcohol level when you go to the polls, so you should still go and vote. (It's also a Monday, so you might have a problem.) It seemingly doesn't matter what's going on in your mind when you go, the main thing is that you write something that makes sense on the card. However, maybe don't vote on acid or any other hallucinogensno need to piss of the next person by taking your time to look at the pretty patterns inside the booth. Also, voting lines can be excruciatingly long, so I don't necessarily blame you for wanting to get a little wavy while waiting. And having cast a ballot is a perfectly good excuse for a few more celebratory drinks. Cheers.

None of the leaders really appeal to me

Whether it's because they're all white, there are no women (besidesthe lovely Liz May), or no one who is fighting for your issuesI promise that there's always a reason to hate one more than the others. But more importantly, you DON'T VOTE FOR THE LEADER. You vote for your local candidate and there's a good chance there's someone in your riding that is not a total wank. Vote for that person.

I don't understand politics

How are there people who can learn to play games like Magic: The Gathering or keep up to date with the power struggles in Westeros, but can't understand their country's political system? The sad part is that most people won't vote based on their knowledge of the parties or of politicsa lot of people end up voting for the person they prefer. So with that in mind, what do policies even matter? You're concerned with charismathe best smile, hair, and skin. Sounds eerily similar to your middle-school election for class president, which we all know was just a popularity contest that boiled down to who had the funniest speech. It's kind of the same thing here: Trudeau's got the hair and legal weed thing going for him; Mulcair is the happy old man who isn't racist; May is the only woman, and seems to give a shit about students' tuition; Harper has plans for the economy, and is good to the rich.

I don't believe in voting

What? What the fuck does this even mean. This is your friend who isn't dumb enough to say "I just don't want to vote," but not smart enough to say give a reason with any sense behind it. (There is at least one legit reason to not vote, so I am not talking about that.) No matter how many times I hear this, it still doesn't make sense to me. Articulate, motherfucker.

Democracy doesn't exist

This is your friend who studies politics and world issues in online communities. They also may or may not be a Tumblr Political Justice Warrior, but the bad kind. They're the student who speaks down to the teacher in front of the whole lecture and just can't seem to get the hang of those pesky social queues. Someone in the group brings up voting, and they scoff and subtly roll their eyes. I bet they don't even need to wear glasses. Of course "true democracy" doesn't existoutside of textbooks from the late 1990s. This isn't a revelation, this is just a shitty truth in our shitty universe. Saying "fuck the system" isn't really effective until everyone is ready to smash the system. Besides, you can still rage against the machine from inside the machine.

With that happy note: go vote, kids.

Follow Sierra Bein on Twitter.

​Why I Am Tossing My Vote Into This Dumpsterfire of an Election

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Paul Spence as Deaner, Canada's favourite hoser. Photo via Paul Spence

Canada. Election. ARE YOU EXCITED YET?! ARE YOU HOOKED? Chances are no, no you are not. Chances are that, like me, you are confused, regretting your last meal choice, and wearing socks purchased in some kind of panic. Like me, you used to party harder, but real life sucks when you're hungover, so you drink less, and the world has slowly expanded beyond tipping the bartender for feigned affection and the hope of better service. A light has crept into your life, one that has you understanding that getting better service in the broader sense starts with fighting for what you believe in.

Right. So let's vote. Let's vote hard. Let's vote for the good guys.

Now let's see, what have we got? The Conservatives, with the seemingly fiscally responsible guy whom everybody hates except the Christians. The Liberals, with the fiendishly handsome bb Justin who's almost made us forget his party's decades worth of horrifying graft. And the New Democratic Party, with the friendly fisherman guythe "I have no idea what this party stands for other than the colour orange and maybe the environment" party. I'm sure it'll come, but nobody's won me over yet.

Giv'er tonight by watching VICE's Election Circus 2015.

In past elections it was rare I could name all three candidates before the race began, and I rarely knew much beyond that by the end. But things are different now. My Twitter feed is full of retweets, opinions, hilariously doctored photos, all haphazardly INFORMING me. By simply indulging in the insane sickness that is my Twitter obsession, I now know things about politics. Canadian politics! But what do I really know?

I know that I watched one of the debates completely smashed, and vaguely remember saying, "USE YOUR AGGRESSIVE FEELINGS, TOM! LET THE HATE FLOW THROUGH YOU!!!!" and cackled like the evil Emperor.

I know that every time I read an op-ed I feel like that writer knows everything and we should all do exactly what they say, until I read someone else with a different opinion and think the same thing about them. When it comes to consuming other people's opinions, I am a stunned fish in Lazy Lake, into which thousands of columnists have dangled their lines. Which one to take? They all look so delicious!

I know that Justin Trudeau led a life parched of mother's milk. I know that Stephen Harper's wife parties and goes "mudding" every summer on ATVs. I know that Tim Hortons is a trusted place to carry out Craigslist transactions for both old-stock and new-stock Canadians. I also know some stuff about the economy, foreign policy, etc, but not enough to try and inform anyone other than maybe a ten-year-old. (Although frankly, if a ten-year-old asked me to explain politics, we probably wouldn't get past the expression "Polling the Electorate.")

So now, after Canada's Lengthiest Election (the most gripping reality TV since Canada's Sorriest Millionaire), the end is finally approaching. We've pried the rear plate off this greasy old fridge, smacked the compressor back into action with a screwdriver, and we're ready to elect a leader. And despite this election offering us a wealth of new storylines and delightful handfuls of sand in the eyes (looking at you coffee mug pissing guy), it's like my pops used to say about politics up here, "Same split, different guile." In our "first past the post" electoral system, the candidate with the most votes wins, so if there's four people running, someone with less than a third of the votes could technically become our prime minister. Ridiculous.

If this election was, say, Harper versus Mulcair, it would have been over months ago. Mulcair simply tattoos the word "Change" on his dick, swings it around for a few weeks, and boom, he's our next PM. But no, we have three parties on the left, frantically dancing around like circus bears, trying to get peanuts from the 65 percent of voters who are looking to oust the Conservatives. 10-30-30-30. A good choice for a pizza place phone number, but a frustrating voting reality.

I try to imagine that we are standing on the precipice of some great thing. That this election has the potential to define the next four years in a meaningful way. And maybe it will. I truly hope that's the case. Say what you will about hope, it's all we've got.

And so, doused with a fragrant political backwash that has me wondering if I'm doing enough to figure it out, or simply too dumb to understand it, I WILL VOTE in this election. Yes. I will cast my voice into the chasm, if only so that I can say, "Hey, I didn't vote for the fuckin' guy." Because, THAT is what democracy is all about.

Follow Paul on Twitter.


VICE Vs Video Games: ‘Firewatch’ Is the First Game of 2016 That I Can’t Wait to Play

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A couple of weeks back, I was wrestling with an article on why I don't see myself diving into many 2016 video games. The reason: What's yet to come out in 2015, particularly Fallout 4 and No Man's Sky (it pays to be optimistic), could easily keep me occupied for a solid 12 months, leaving many releases from the first half of next year, at least, collecting dust on the shelfassuming I even bother to pick them up. I canned it, because the truth is that I rarely get so into a game that I actually want to see everything it has to offer, from the main campaign through to all the side-missions and optional quests and collectibles and so on and so forth. The fact is that most games just aren't so good that they can keep me hooked for the length of whatever story it is that they're trying to tell. And I'm sure you can relate.

I've "finished" (i.e., not 100-percented, because who the hell has that much time going spare in their lives?) only a handful of big games in 2015. The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt, Batman: Arkham Knight, and The Order: 1886 (jokes, as who hasn't) are the first three that spring to mind. There was Until Dawn, too, and a whole bunch of smaller titles like Everybody's Gone to the Rapture, the splendid Transformers: Devastation of the other week, and every episode of Life Is Strange. But my completion rate isn't so high with the significant time-sinks that I can begin to kid myself that Fallout 4 will become an obsession to overshadow all other games in the coming months, that the as-good-as-limitless exploration potential of No Man's Sky will preclude me from visiting other, smaller open worlds. Some of them fantastical, others rooted in reality, based on places you can visit in the flesh, set in times we've so recently lived through.

No amount of adoration for anything yet to be experienced this side of January 1 is going to keep me from powering up my PlayStation for Firewatch just as soon as the game's released on February 9. It's the first game from a new San Francisco-based indie studio, Campo Santo (working in collaboration with Panic Inc.), employees of which have quite the pedigree with past credits on Telltale's The Walking Dead, Mark of the Ninja, Puzzle Agent, and BioShock 2, all of which are, face it, fucking amazing games.

Firewatch is set in Wyoming in 1989, the year after forest fires tore through the state's Yellowstone Park, causing unprecedented damage (which it has since recovered from). You play as Henry, a lookout working in Shoshone National Forest, whose job it is to watch out for threats to the wilderness that runs from his tower to the horizon in every direction. On the other end of his walkie-talkie is Delilah, who's watching everything that's going on from the comfort of her own towerat least, that's what we're led to believe. Oh, and there's definitely someone else out here with you, and they might not be friendly. The imagery shown of the game so far is stunningly beautiful, a chunky, cartoon-like aesthetic mixed with the convincingly captured splendor of the natural worldgraphic designer Olly Moss kicked off the look, before environment artist Jane Ng (The Cave, Spore) brought it to digital life.

Firewatch's writer and designer is Sean Vanaman, formerly of Telltale Games. I reached out to him to learn more about Campo Santo's debut as, while it looks sublime, immediately a virtual world I want to wander, it's not totally clear what it is that you, as Henry, are going to be doing.

'Firewatch', E3 2015 trailer

VICE: The game's just confirmed a release date of February 9. What does that announcement mean to the team? Does it feel like you're creating in a sort of limbo prior to having a clarified end point, that's public?
Sean Vanaman: It really just brings everything into focus. We are very self-directed teamwe don't have a publisher over our heads giving us milestones, we have to make our own. That can obviously be a recipe for disaster but it hasn't been for us, I think due to the majority of the team being so experienced. Nevertheless, the date on the calendar helps you make the grey-area decisions faster. Things like, "Do we do that sorta wish-listy thing we've always wanted?" You don't have to make a judgment call; you just do what you can with the time you have.

You've said that the game is now in its final stages, tweaking and testing, and finishing up the very last bits. From this position, looking back to when the project started, is the game living up to the ambitions you had at the outset?
That's a great question. Man. So, our original Firewatch pitch, both to Panic Inc. and to ourselves, was entirely "character-driven exploration thing." That was really it. We had tons of design ideas and some strong early visuals so we said, "Is there enough here that it's worth spending two years and X amount of money on?" The game is much more ambitious now in ways that I could not have imagined then. Being able to explore the whole world with no area-by-area loading. It's got more dialogue. The character story is totally different than what I thought. Earlier in my career I think that would've freaked me out in a quite a negative way.

Games aren't movies: You don't start with a complete script and see the movie from start to finish in your head before you start spending lots of time and money. You have to discover a game by making it, and if your game is story- and character-driven then you have to discover that story. Knowing that, I put a lot of specific ambitions aside and succumbed to the nature of the process. Any other ambitions are normally just, "Make something great and very high-quality." In February, folks can let us know if we did that.

I love that I'm still not clear what the game is about, and yet I really want to play it, if that makes any sense at all. It strikes me as something completely refreshing, in terms of looks, sound, the whole package.
Well, hopefully that's not too big of a failure of marketing. But the game just doesn't slot into a defined genre that sets clear expectations. It's an adventure game with some systems. To me the game feels like playing a classic adventure game but with continuous control, no esoteric puzzles and a lot less un-directed, boring downtime.

Design-wise, was it always vital to the team to make something that really stood out, just in screenshots, before the game was even played? How much iteration did the visuals go through?
In terms of the style, it's been an evolution. The art on our homepage was something Olly did at the very beginning of production and we made the game look like that in-engineif you watch our most recent E3 trailer, note its final shot. That's all in-game footage. So no real "iterations" as much as it was one ongoing evolution.

Article continues after the video below

Watch VICE's film 'Heimo's Arctic Refuge,' about a man living in a frozen wilderness 100 miles from another person

The game has a real-life setting, both geographically and in terms of time. Did this rooting in reality prove a restriction as development progressed, or an invaluable framing for everything you were making?
Oh, it's definitely a framing. I really enjoy working that way. I was head writer on season one of The Walking Dead at Telltale and even then it was really important that we had "they are in X town, this man is from Y city" to inform everything. That choice does a lot of the connective-tissue work for you, and you can then fall into more of an anthropological mindset when thinking about building the world and architecting the systems. I hope that doesn't sound like bullshit. I love to learn about places so I think we'll always try to do that, even if we were to make something that was more genre or fiction or whatever. We can create worlds inside of those framings and, for me, I just get a lot out of it. I know so much more about Wyoming now thanks to Firewatch, and I grew up there!

You've got Mad Men's Rich Sommer voicing Henry, but I feel it's the Delilah role that may shine the brightest here, through only having a connection with her through her voice. How easy was it to cast Cissy Jones here? What led you to her for the role? I know that she starred in Telltale's The Walking Dead, so there's a connection there.
I wrote Delilah for Cissy Jones before we even started production. We started Campo Santo in October of 2013 and before we had an office I called her up and said, "You blew my mind as Katjaa in The Walking Dead, I'm writing this game with a female co-star, are you in?" And she said yes. A lot of it is that she's so easy to work with. She'll brighten your day. She gives you 100 percent trust in terms of direction. On The Walking Dead I had written a Belgian-American immigrant and she just went, learned the accent, and nailed it. I was so impressed by that. Back when we cast her, everything was scary at that time: starting a company from scratch and making a game from scratch and using a new engine and the list goes on and on and on; so picking Cissy right then gave me, personally, a lot of creative comfort.

The talent on this game is just silly, from the art and design through to Chris Remo's music. Do you feel the stars have aligned for it?
Certainly. The thing I learned was that if someone was in, they were in. If we had to do a lot of selling or convincing to get someone's talents on the game, they weren't the right person. It's really easy to hand-wring over it, getting the people together, but Jake (Rodkin, Firewatch creative director) and I just sorta let the process happen, and I think that energy attracted people with the same energy and ambition. But yeah, there isn't a day that goes by where I'm not grateful for everyone here.

You know, thinking about the question of "did the stars align," I realized I just said "certainly," and I think that's true, but maybe not in the sense you were asking: did we just win the lottery, or something. I think "stars aligning" can really be the by-product of emotional honesty. We always were very clear about what we were trying to do, creatively, and what our limitations were financially and what upside we were putting on the table for being involved. If you put yourself out there when you're building your team, and really try to minimize "selling" people on the idea, you'll get the right folks.

Is the game combat-free? Presumably there are animals out there, not all of which will be friendly?
Yeah, the game is combat-free. There are animals out there but "dealing with them" is not part of the experience. The way we make games and tell stories is about specific violence and drama, which I believe, if you're making characters that people are supposed to relate to, is really important. For instance, if someone you can relate to gets attacked by a bear, that is in almost all life circumstances the most dramatic, intense, and extreme thing that happens in that person's life. It's really hard to tell a story where "killing the bear" is just "a thing you do" on the way to a bigger goal. We can both imagine a game where that's the case, certainlya movie like The Edge with Anthony Hopkins and Alec Baldwin is a good examplebut man, if our story has you killing "dangerous" wildlife in it then I believe that would have to be the core of the story and the experience. Does that make sense?

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Sure does. What led to Firewatch being a console exclusive with PlayStation 4, rather than releasing across other consoles as well as PC and Mac?
We just really liked what we heard from them in terms of their excitement about the game and the energy they'd be putting behind it. We weren't in a position where we needed their money, or anyone else's, as we already had that sorted. So we were able to have frank conversations with them about what we wanted and what we needed, and it was an agreement that came along in a solid, organic way. I'm really impressed with they way they've worked with us and the culture they've built around the PlayStation. We also thought it would be ridiculously cool to see Firewatch on stage at E3 in, like, 8K resolution, and so did they.

What do you hope that players take away from their time with the game, when it's out? I sort of see it as fostering, or encouraging a sense of adventure... Like, just look at this wilderness here, isn't it amazing that we haven't concreted over it?
I certainly think that would be great, the game is a tacit celebration of that. It's a tough question to try to answer while I'm still working on the game... Like, there's no mission statement, there's no "this is a game about X idea," because I hope the game has enough inside of it that folks make of it what they want. Even if there was a mission statement, I wouldn't feel comfortable declaring it. Games are what you make of them as a player. I just really just hope you're entertained and I hope it's a game that leaves you thinking about something or feeling something, anything, when you turn it off; whether that's the sense of adventure you described or something else.

Firewatch is released for Mac, PC, and PlayStation 4 on February 9. Find more information at the game's official website.

Follow Mike on Twitter.

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